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What is Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?
Multiple Intelligences
An AskERIC Response
June 2002
Question
What is Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?
Response
Hello,
In response to your request for information on multiple intelligences, I
conducted a sample search of the ERIC database. Below I have appended my
search strategy, 11 citations with abstracts, and directions for accessing
the full text. These citations may represent an introductory, rather than
exhaustive, search for information on your topic.
If you would like to conduct your own free ERIC database searches via the
Internet,
please visit the
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I have also attached some related resources that may be helpful.
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AskERIC Staff
Internet Sites:
* Concept to Classroom: Tapping into Multiple Intelligences
Includes a Mutiple Intelligences Self-Inventory, an animated explanation
of the concept of multiple intelligences, a transcript of a chat with
Howard Gardner, and more.
http://www.wnet.org/wnetschool/concept2class/month1/
* The Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Useful overview of Gardner's multiple intelligences from Andy Carvin's
EdWeb.
http://www.edwebproject.org/edref.mi.intro.html
* Multiple Intelligences Theory
Provides a short definition and discussion of MI and how it impacts
learning.
http://www.funderstanding.com/multiple_intelligence.cfm
* The First Seven...and the Eighth: A Conversation with Howard Gardner
This article appeared in the September 1997 issue of Educational
Leadership, a journal of the Association for Supervision and Curriculum
Development.
http://www.ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/9709/checkley.html
* A Multiple Intelligences Bookshelf
Includes bibliographies, links to full text articles.
http://www.newhorizons.org/bibmishelf.html
* ERIC Digest - Multiple Intelligences: Gardner's Theory (1996)
http://www.ericfacility.net/ericdigests/ed410226.html
* ERIC Digest - Multiple Intelligences: Theory and Practice in Adult ESL
(1999)
http://www.ericfacility.net/ericdigests/ed441350.html
ERIC Database Citations through 6/2002:
Search Strategy:
multiple intelligences (All Descriptors) and learning theories (All Descriptors)
To run this search in the ERIC Database click the "Submit" button
Record 1 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: EJ629660
CHN: HE542547
AU: Allix,-Nicholas-M.
TI: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences: A Case of Missing Cognitive
Matter.
PY: 2000
SO: Australian-Journal-of-Education; v44 n3 p272-88 Nov 2000
ISSN: 0004-9441
NT: Special issue: "Education and Cognition--Naturalistic Explorations
into the Nature of Mind and Learning."
DT: Journal-Articles (080); Opinion-Papers (120)
LA: English
DE: *Criticism-; *Multiple-Intelligences
DE: Artificial-Intelligence; Cognitive-Psychology; Epistemology-;
Knowledge-Representation; Learning-Processes; Learning-Theories;
Research-Methodology; Theory-Practice-Relationship
ID: *Neural-Networks; *Theory-of-Mind
ID: Connectionism-; Philosophy-of-Science; Theory-Development
AB: Argues that although Gardner's conception of human cognition,
characterized by a set of multiple and distinct cognitive capabilities, is
an advance over the narrow conception of IQ, it runs into fundamental
difficulties of a methodological kind and is based on a discredited
empiricist theory of knowledge which work with artificial neural networks
has undercut. (EV)
CH: HE
FI: EJ
DTC: 080; 120
UD: 200201 (CIJE)
Record 2 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: ED453386
CHN: CE081796
AU: Kallenbach,-Silja, ed.; Viens,-Julie, ed.
TI: Multiple Intelligences in Practice: Teacher Research Reports from
the Adult Multiple Intelligences Study. NCSALL Occasional Paper.
CS: National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy,
Boston, MA.; Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA. Harvard Project Zero.; World
Education, Inc., Boston, MA. New England Literacy Resource
Center.
SP: National Inst. on Postsecondary Education, Libraries, and Lifelong
Learning (ED/OERI), Washington, DC.
PY: 2001
AV: World Education, 44 Farnsworth Street, Boston, MA 02210 ($10). Tel:
617-482-9485; e-mail: ncsall@worlded.org. For full text:
http://gseweb.harvard.edu/~ncsall/research/op_kallen.html
PR: EDRS Price MF01/PC09 Plus Postage.
DL: http://www.edrs.com/members/sp.cfm?AN=ED453386
DT: Reports-Research (143)
CP: U.S.; Massachusetts
TA: Practitioners; Teachers
LA: English
PG: 210
DE: *Adult-Education; *Educational-Practices; *English-Second-Language;
*Learning-Theories; *Multiple-Intelligences;
*Theory-Practice-Relationship
DE: Adoption-Ideas; Attention-Deficit-Disorders; Career-Choice;
Classroom-Research; Classroom-Techniques; Critical-Thinking;
Educational-Philosophy; High-School-Equivalency-Programs;
Integrated-Curriculum; Learning-Activities; Literacy-Education;
Mathematics-Instruction; Metacognition-; Models-; National-Programs;
Popular-Education; Reading-Instruction; Reflective-Teaching;
Research-Utilization; Rural-Education; Secondary-Education;
Self-Evaluation-Individuals; Student-Evaluation; Teacher-Effectiveness;
Teacher-Researchers; Teacher-Student-Relationship; Teaching-Methods;
Urban-Education; Writing-Composition; Writing-Instruction
ID: General-Educational-Development-Tests; Impact-Studies
AB: This document contains nine papers from a systematic,
classroom-based study of multiple intelligences (MI) theory in different
adult learning contexts during which adult educators from rural and urban
areas throughout the United States conducted independent inquiries into
the question of how MI theory can support instruction and assessment in
adult basic education (ABE), adult secondary education, and English for
speakers of other languages (ESOL). The following papers are included:
"Will Awareness of Their Own Intelligence Profiles Help My Students Become
More Independent Learners?" (Betsy Cornwell); "How Can Teacher and
Student, Working Collaboratively, a. Identify the Student's Strongest
Intelligences through MI-Based Assessment and Classroom Activities? [and]
b. Use the Understanding of These Intelligences To Guide the Learning
Process?" (Meg Costanzo); "1. What Impact Do ESOL Activities Informed by
the MI Theory Have on Student Engagement and Learning Strategies? [and] 2.
How Do Prior Cultural Learning and Experiences Shape Students' Reaction to
and Participation in ESOL Activities Informed by the MI Theory?" (Terri D.
Coustan); "What Kind of MI-Informed Instruction and Assessment Can Be
Developed That Will Help Adult Learners Deal with Math Anxiety, So They
May Reach Their Stated Goals?" (Bonnie Fortini); "Can MI-Informed Lessons
Help the Progress and Attendance of LD (Learning Disabilities) and ADD
(Attention Deficit Disorder) Students Preparing for a GED?" (Martha Jean);
"How Will Adult Diploma Students' Awareness of Their Own Intelligences and
Their Participation in Activities Informed by MI Theory Affect Their
Career Decision-Making Process?" (Jean A. Mantzaris); "What Effect Does
Metacognitive Awareness of Their Own Multiple Intelligences Have on the
Perceptions of Effective ESOL Teaching and Learning by Students With
Limited Native Language Literacy? What Happens When I Try To Integrate MI
into an ESOL Class?" (Diane Paxton); "Will the Use of a Multiple
Intelligences Framework Support the Goals and Practices of Popular
Education in an ABE Classroom?" (Wendy Quinones); and "How Does Knowledge
of Multiple Intelligence Theory Broaden a Multi-Sensory Approach to the
Teaching of Writing? How Does the Application of Multiple Intelligence
Theory Enhance a Multi-Sensory Approach to the Teaching of Reading?"
(Lezlie Rocka). Concluding the document is a 72-item reference list.
(MN)
LV: 1
CH: CE
FI: ED
DTC: 143
UD: 200111 (RIE)
Record 3 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: ED442744
CHN: SP039267
AU: Teele,-Sue
TI: Rainbows of Intelligence. Exploring How Students Learn.
PY: 2000
ISBN: 0761976302
AV: Corwin Press, Inc., A Sage Publications Company, 2455 Teller Road,
Thousand Oaks, CA 91320-2218. Tel: 805-499-9774; e-mail:
order@corwinpress.com; Web site: http://www.corwinpress.com.
PR: EDRS Price MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from
EDRS.
DT: Books (010); Guides-Non-classroom (055)
CP: U.S.; California
TA: Practitioners; Teachers
LA: English
PG: 184
DE: *Cognitive-Style; *Multiple-Intelligences
DE: Brain-; Educational-Environment; Elementary-Secondary-Education;
Intelligence-Differences; Learning-Processes; Learning-Theories;
Students-; Teaching-Methods
ID: Rainbows-
AB: This book offers practical applications for exploring multiple
intelligences in the classroom to help each student express his or her own
personal learning rainbow. Special features of the book include seven
complete lesson plans ready to be adapted to any grade level; objectives,
activities, and applications that meet U.S. and California standards; a
new learning model that elaborates on Howard Gardner's original seven
intelligences; and exploration of gender differences in multiple
intelligences. Part 1 includes six chapters: (1) "A Focus on How Students
Learn"; (2) "Recent Research on the Brain"; (3) "The Theory of Multiple
Intelligences"; (4) "Changing Our Thinking about Education"; (5) "Rainbows
of Intelligence Model"; and (6) "Conclusions." Part 2 offers "Classroom
Units That Incorporate Color and Multiple Intelligences." The classroom
units include: (1) "Primary, Secondary, and Complementary Colors"; (2)
"The Many Dimensions of Color"; (3) "The Rainbow: A Spectrum of Colors";
(4) "Exploring the Rainforest"; (5) "Pandas: Endangered Species"; (6)
"Butterflies and Moths: Colorful Insects"; and (7) "The Blending of Our
Rainbow World." (Contains 108 references.) (SM)
LV: 2
CH: SP
FI: ED
DTC: 010; 055
UD: 200012 (RIE)
Record 4 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: EJ595053
CHN: FL529688
AU: Christison,-Mary-Ann
TI: Multiple Intelligences: Teaching the Whole Student.
PY: 1999
SO: ESL-Magazine; v2 n5 p10-13 Sep-Oct 1999
ISSN: 1098-6553
DT: Journal-Articles (080); Opinion-Papers (120)
LA: English
DE: *Curriculum-Development; *English-Second-Language; *Lesson-Plans;
*Multiple-Intelligences
DE: Learning-Theories; Second-Language-Instruction;
Second-Language-Learning
AB: Discusses Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (MI) and why
it is frequently a topic of discussion among English-as-a-Second-Language
educators. The eight intelligences are described, the theoretical bases
for MI theory are highlighted, the reasons educators like MI theory are
discussed, and a way of developing lesson plans and curricula using MI
theory is presented. (Author/VWL)
CH: FL
FI: EJ
DTC: 080; 120
UD: 200005 (CIJE)
Record 5 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: ED435476
CHN: PS028058
AU: Elliott,-Donna; Gintzler,-Julie
TI: A Personal Approach to Multiple Intelligence Instruction.
PY: 1999
NT: Master's Phenomenological Study, Saint Xavier University and
IRI/Skylight. Some appendices may not reproduce adequately.
PR: EDRS Price MF01/PC10 Plus Postage.
DL: http://orders.edrs.com/members/sp.cfm?AN=ED435476
DT: Dissertations-or-Theses-Undetermined (040)
CP: U.S.; Illinois
LA: English
PG: 236
DE: *Intelligence-Differences; *Learning-Processes;
*Multiple-Intelligences
DE: Change-Strategies; Cognitive-Style; Elementary-Education;
Learning-Theories; Lesson-Plans; Methods-; Teacher-Attitudes;
Teacher-Background; Teacher-Behavior; Teacher-Role;
Teaching-Methods
ID: *Personal-Experiences; *Personal-Involvement
ID: Indiana-
AB: This phenomenological study implemented and evaluated an
individualized approach to multiple intelligence instruction. The targeted
population consisted of students in two inner-city elementary schools
located in Indiana. In a traditionally book-oriented classroom,
instruction is typically geared toward the verbal/linguistic and
logical/mathematical intelligences. An analysis of the literature led to
the understanding that each student has the capabilities to activate all
eight identified intelligences, but that these intelligences may be
developed to different degrees within each individual. Each student's
dominant intelligence was identified. Thematic lessons that strengthened
the multiple intelligences of all of the involved students were
constructed. The plan of action was to construct planning webs and monthly
themes that incorporated a plethora of multiple intelligence products.
Lesson plans were developed utilizing a variety of planning tools. In
addition, informal journals were kept to highlight progress, successes,
and trends. The effects of multiple intelligence instruction were
documented through observations, product choices, student reaction, and
survey checklists. Observations and checklists reaffirmed expectations
that how one is taught, what strategies are utilized, and in what manner
information is presented can and do affect student learning. They further
demonstrated that students' strengths and weaknesses can be affected by a
teacher's method of instruction. (Forty appendices include state
proficiencies, weekly progress reports, multiple intelligences checklists,
and lesson plans. Contains 61 references.) (SD)
LV: 1
CH: PS
FI: ED
DTC: 040
UD: 200004 (RIE)
Record 6 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: ED434954
CHN: TM030210
AU: Lazear,-David
TI: Eight Ways of Teaching: The Artistry of Teaching with Multiple
Intelligences. Third Edition. K-College.
PY: 1999
ISBN: 1575171198
AV: Skylight Training and Publishing Inc., 2626 S. Clearbrook Dr.,
Arlington Heights, IL 60005-5310. Tel: 800-348-4474
NT: Foreword by Dee Dickinson.
PR: EDRS Price MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from
EDRS.
DT: Books (010); Guides-Classroom-Teacher (052)
CP: U.S.; Illinois
TA: Practitioners; Teachers
LA: English
PG: 203
DE: *Cognitive-Style; *Multiple-Intelligences;
*Teaching-Methods
DE: Elementary-Secondary-Education; Learning-Processes;
Learning-Theories
ID: *Gardner-(Howard)
AB: This book offers a comprehensive approach to teaching and learning
strategies to further the theory of multiple intelligences. The creative
strategies that address each of the intelligences identified by Howard
Gardner are illustrated with charts and diagrams and include many
activities that apply to the teaching of all subjects. The chapters, each
of which deals with one of the intelligences, are: (1) "Teaching with
Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence"; (2) "Teaching with Logical/Mathematical
Intelligence"; (3) "Teaching with Visual/Spatial Intelligence"; (4)
"Teaching with Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence"; (5) "Teaching with
Musical/Rhythmic Intelligence"; (6) "Teaching with Interpersonal
Intelligence"; (7) "Teaching with Intrapersonal Intelligence"; and (8)
"Teaching with Naturalist Intelligence." Three appendixes contain lesson
processing and procedure blackline illustrations and graphic organizers.
(Contains 134 references.) (SLD)
LV: 2
CH: TM
FI: ED
DTC: 010; 052
UD: 200003 (RIE)
Record 7 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: EJ546307
CHN: JC507693
AU: Nuzzi,-Ronald
TI: A Multiple Intelligence Approach.
PY: 1997
SO: Momentum-; v28 n2 p16-19 Apr-May 1997
ISSN: 0026-914X
NT: Part of a special section entitled "Assessment: Alternative
Approaches."
DT: Journal-Articles (080); Opinion-Papers (120)
LA: English
DE: *Evaluation-Methods; *Multiple-Intelligences; *Student-Evaluation;
*Teaching-Methods
DE: Cognitive-Processes; Elementary-Secondary-Education;
Learning-Theories
ID: Gardner-(Howard)
AB: Describes multiple intelligence instruction (MII), based on the
theory that humans possess seven intelligences: visual, musical,
logical-mathematical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, linguistic, and
bodily-kinesthetic. Argues that current methods of assessment are
deficit-based and, therefore, not helpful in assessing MII students.
Describes an intelligence-based approach to assessment developed by Howard
Gardner. (AJL)
CH: JC
FI: EJ
DTC: 080; 120
UD: 199711 (CIJE)
Record 8 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: EJ534653
CHN: PS525819
AU: Hine,-Connie
TI: Developing Multiple Intelligences in Young Learners.
PY: 1996
SO: Early-Childhood-News; v8 n6 p23-29 Nov-Dec 1996
ISSN: 1080-3564
DT: Guides-Non-classroom (055); Journal-Articles (080)
LA: English
DE: *Cognitive-Style; *Learning-Activities; *Learning-Theories;
*Multiple-Intelligences
DE: Class-Activities; Classroom-Environment; Early-Childhood-Education;
Educational-Philosophy; Educational-Strategies; Learning-Processes;
Preschool-Education
ID: University-of-Wisconsin-Stout
AB: Details the characteristics of the seven multiple intelligences and
promotes a systematic approach to teaching that strives to meet individual
needs of children. Provides specific teaching tools and strategies,
including active learning centers, to support the development of each
intelligence area and expose children to varied ways of learning.
(SD)
CH: PS
FI: EJ
DTC: 055; 080
UD: 199704 (CIJE)
Record 9 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: ED400512
CHN: CS012622
AU: Jasmine,-Julia
TI: Teaching with Multiple Intelligences. Professional's
Guide.
PY: 1996
ISBN: 1557348820
AV: Teacher Created Materials, Inc., 6421 Industry Way, Westminster, CA
92683 (TCM822: $8.95 plus shipping/handling).
PR: Document Not Available from EDRS.
DT: Guides-Classroom-Teacher (052); Opinion-Papers (120)
CP: U.S.; California
TA: Teachers; Practitioners
LA: English
PG: 82
DE: *Cognitive-Style; *Learning-Theories
DE: Classroom-Environment; Classroom-Techniques; Curriculum-;
Elementary-Secondary-Education; Evaluation-Methods
ID: *Multiple-Intelligences
ID: Gardner-(Howard); Theoretical-Orientation
AB: Suggesting that the theory of multiple intelligences, based on the
work of Howard Gardnew, is one of the most important and promising
developments in education, this booklet provides a look at the
theory--what it is and how it differs from other definitions of so-called
learning styles--and at the implementations--which ones seem to be truly
valuable and which are merely "trendy." The booklet notes that the use of
the theory of multiple intelligences in education depends on the
recognition of, and respect for, each learner's way, or ways, of learning,
as well as each learner's special interests and talents. Sections of the
booklet discuss the theory of Multiple Intelligences; becoming aware of
multiple intelligences; teaching the intelligences; classroom environment;
curriculum; teaching methods; assessment; questions people are asking; and
a practical application. Addresses for 7 professional organizations and 30
references are attached. (RS)
LV: 3
CH: CS
FI: ED
DTC: 052; 120
UD: 199703 (RIE)
Record 10 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: EJ528155
CHN: PS525244
AU: Berger,-Eugenia-Hepworth; Pollman,-Mary-Jo
TI: Multiple Intelligences: Enabling Diverse Learning.
PY: 1996
SO: Early-Childhood-Education-Journal; v23 n4 p249-53 Sum
1996
ISSN: 1082-3301
DT: Opinion-Papers (120); Journal-Articles (080)
LA: English
DE: *Constructivism-Learning; *Holistic-Approach; *Learning-Processes;
*Learning-Theories; *Multiple-Intelligences;
*Parent-Student-Relationship
DE: Academic-Ability; Classroom-Environment; Cognitive-Style;
Early-Childhood-Education; Field-Trips; Learning-Activities;
Learning-Strategies; Parent-Participation; Parent-Role;
Talent-Identification
ID: *Gardner-(Howard)
ID: Holistic-Education; Whole-Child-Approach
AB: Compares the whole-child approach to early childhood education and
Howard Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences. Provides activities
and ideas to address each of the seven intelligences, and lists specific
suggestions for parent/child experiences, field trip experiences, and
constructivist experiences. Stresses individual child potential.
(SD)
CH: PS
FI: EJ
DTC: 120; 080
UD: 199612 (CIJE)
Record 11 of 11 - The ERIC Database
AN: EJ503143
CHN: EC611225
AU: Smerechansky-Metzger,-Jean-A.
TI: The Quest for Multiple Intelligences.
PY: 1995
SO: Gifted-Child-Today-Magazine; v18 n3 p12-15 May-Jun 1995
ISSN: 1076-2175
DT: Journal-Articles (080); Guides-Non-classroom (055)
TA: Practitioners
LA: English
DE: *Classroom-Techniques; *Individual-Differences; *Intelligence-;
*Multiple-Intelligences
DE: Educational-Principles; Educational-Psychology;
Elementary-Secondary-Education; Learning-Theories
ID: Gardner-(Howard)
AB: This article urges educators to incorporate Howard Gardner's theory
of multiple intelligences (MI) into their classrooms to broaden the
learning opportunities for all students. MI theory is briefly explained,
examples of its application are described, advantages of MI are pointed
out, and criticisms of MI are noted. (DB)
CH: EC
FI: EJ
DTC: 080; 055
UD: 199509 (CIJE)
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